Maternal metabolic adaptations to pregnancy among young women. Maternal fructose drives placental uric acid production leading to adverse fetal outcomes zeenat a. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Interval effects on perinatal mortality when maternal morbidity is mediated. Pdf maternal effects provide phenotypic adaptation to local.
University of groningen hormonemediated maternal effects. Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy wikipedia. Open access full text article effects of maternal obesity on. The link between maternal health behaviours and downstream child health. Regarding relationships with the community and health sector. Acknowledgments i thank daphne fairbairn for the opportunity to edit this special col. Pdf the role of maternal effects in adaptation to different. Fox recently, the adaptive significance of maternal effects has been increasingly recognized. Using a mediation analysis, we estimate the effect of interpregnancy interval on maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality. Effects of chemotherapy during pregnancy on the maternal. Maternal metabolic adaptations to pregnancy among young.
Mothers have the ability to profoundly affect the quality of their offspringfrom the size and quality of their eggs to where, when, and how eggs and young are placed, and from providing for and protecting developing young to choosing a mate. There are also studies that have investigated the effects of certain interventions on maternalfetal attachment. Schwanz lab honours2015 maternal effects unsw bees. Supporting families with young children is an essential component of a comprehensive system of care for the nations children daro, 2009. Immunemodulatory effects of syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles in pregnancy and preeclampsia claudia gohner a, b, torsten plosch b, marijke m. Chapter 10 pregnancy in cancer patients and survivors. Maternal adaptation to pregnancy free download as powerpoint presentation.
The influence of contextdependent maternal effects on. The adaptive significance of maternal effects timothy a. Genetic and maternal determinants of effective dispersal. Once evolved, maternal effects can nonetheless underlie adaptation to a wide range of. Curriculum vitae maureen kellerwood college of pharmacy. The effects of pregnancyadaptation training on maternal. Furthermore, maternal obesity has been hypothesized to cause harmful effects for the developing baby through early life programming. A classic example of maternal effect is gestational diabetes mellitus gdm 27. Small amounts of cocaine usually make the user feel euphoric, energetic, talkative, mentally alert, and hypersensitive to sight, sound, and touch. However, studies on the effects of maternal adaptation training on maternalfetal attachment in mothers with a history of fetal or baby loss are rare. In fact, physiological adaptations to pregnancy which include increases 3 in cardiac output, heart rate and plasma volume represent a major cardiovascular challenge.
Epigenetic stability is itself a phenotype worth focusing on, both in terms of its molecular basis and its adaptive consequences. Asghar1, alysha thompson1, maggie chi1, andrew cusumano1, suzanne scheaffer1, noor alhammadi2, jessica l. Barker, md, phd, frcp from the mrc environmental epidemiology unit, university of southampton, southampton general hospital, southampton, uk date accepted. Apr 27, 2009 maternal effects can play an important role in a diversity of ecological and evolutionary processes such as population dynamics, phenotypic plasticity, niche construction, lifehistory evolution and the evolutionary response to selection. Maternal effects as phenotypic adaptation to local environments. Flash cards for nur 106d maternal nursing at jefferson state jeff state. Adaptations and exaptationsin the form of either coopted adaptations or coopted spandrels. This book explores the wide variety of maternal effects that have evolved in plants and animals as mechanisms of adaptation to temporally and spatially heterogeneous environments. There is growing recognition that whole body homeostasis is intimately linked to circadian variation. We suggest a definition of maternal effects as the causal influence of the maternal genotype or phenotype on the offspring phenotype. In many instances, these maternal effects may be the single most important contributor to variation in offspring fitness. Impact of maternal obesity on maternal and fetal health vol. May 21, 2016 there are also studies that have investigated the effects of certain interventions on maternal fetal attachment. Maternal nutrition, fetal nutrition, and disease in later life david j.
However, studies on the effects of maternal adaptation training on maternal fetal attachment in mothers with a history of fetal or baby loss are rare. However, metabolic adaptation to changing nutrient conditions is a fundamen. Maternal effects provide phenotypic adaptation to local. The effect of maternal adaptation on breastfeeding selfefficacy sureyya gumussoy1 senay unsal atan2 1ataturk health care vocational school, ege university, izmir, turkey 2department of womens health and gynecology, faculty of nursing, ege university, izmir, turkey. The adaptive potential of maternal stress exposure in. The evolution of multivariate maternal effects plos. It is, however, questionable if maternal effects are adaptive55 14,1821, because they may simply evolve as a.
Alternative strategies in sideblotched lizards have. Those phenotypes controlled by organelle genes exhibit maternal inheritance. Uta stansburiana is an ideal system to study such in. Next, we assess whether maternal effects facilitate adaptation to novel environments. Pdf maternal effects provide phenotypic adaptation to. The adaptive significance of maternal effects sciencedirect. Effects of cancer during pregnancy on overall fetal outcomes maternal illness during pregnancy can affect fetal wellbeing and outcomes. The link between maternal health behaviours and downstream.
Maternal effects provide phenotypic adaptation to local environmental conditions. Maternal obesity increases the risk of a number of pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus gdm, and cesarean delivery table 1. Apart from the direct maternal effect, there also is a potential in. Effects of chemotherapy during pregnancy on the maternal and. Tables 2 and 3 summarize several important conceptual and evidentiary standards applicable to each of these concepts.
Effect of interpregnancy interval and maternal morbidity. No longer are maternal effects relegated as simple troublesome sources of environmental resemblance that confound our ability to estimate accurately the genetic. Pdf adaptation to temporally fluctuating environments by. Consequently, maternal experience is translated into variation in offspring fitness.
Toxicology program has concluded that maternal exposure to lead is known to cause reduced fetal growth, and that there is limited evidence of an association with preterm birth. Maternal effects, particularly deterministic maternal effects, are common in a. This study characterizes maternal metabolic adaptations to pregnancy, and their associations. The link between maternal health behaviours and downstream child health kristi adamo, phd. Maternal nutrition, fetal nutrition, and disease in later life. Maternal effects, flight versus fecundity tradeoffs, and. Groothuis 1, and hubert schwabl 2 1behavioural biology, university of groningen, po box 14, 9750 aa haren, the netherlands 2school of biological sciences, center for reproductive biology, washington state university, pullman, wa 991644236, usa. A qualitative assessment of health extension workers. Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy are the adaptations during pregnancy that a womans body undergoes to accommodate the growing embryo or fetus. When to rely on maternal effects and when on phenotypic plasticity. Adaptation to contrasting environments can facilitate ecological divergence and sympatric speciation. Adaptation to temporally fluctuating environments by the. In the present study, the speckled wood butterfly pararge aegeria l.
Mock volumes in the series essential surgery reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health cancer mental, neurological, and substance use disorders. Nov 10, 2010 maternal condition can generate resourcerelated maternal effects through differential egg provisioning, and can greatly affect offspring performance. Maternal stress may play a critical role in regulating population dynamics of free. Pdf recently, the adaptive significance of maternal effects has been. Psychological adaptations during pregnancy flashcards. A leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The true global burden of maternal sepsis remains to be determined. In recent years, the potential effects of common air pollutants on adverse birth outcomes have received more attention. Groothuis1, and hubert schwabl2 1behavioural biology, university of groningen, po box 14, 9750 aa haren, the netherlands 2school of biological sciences, center for reproductive biology, washington state university, pullman, wa 991644236, usa. Maternal effects in a native dragon lizard during reproduction, a mothers physiology or environment often have an impact on the phenotype of her offspring. Jamison rachel nugent hellen gelband susan horton prabhat jha ramanan laxminarayan charles n. Groothuis1, and hubert schwabl2 1behavioural biology, university of groningen, po box 14, 9750 aa haren, the netherlands. Topics range from the evolutionary implications of maternal effects to the assessment and measurement of maternal effects. Rather, it has become evident that many maternal effects have been shaped by the action of natural selection to act as a mechanism for adaptive phenotypic response to environmental heterogeneity.
Open access full text article effects of maternal obesity. For many years, the rates of both preterm birth and low birth weight have been increasing. Disease control priorities third edition series editors dean t. Maternal physiology and metabolism is dysregulated in the context of obesity, which may contribute to some of the adverse outcomes during pregnancy. Reviews the adaptive significance of maternal effects.
The questions focused on barriers and facilitators with regard to these issues, including effects on hew performance. Those phenotypes that are controlled by nuclear factors found in the cytoplasm of the female are said to express a maternal effect. Maternal effects can be defined as the conditions under which the phenotype of the offspring is influenced by the maternal life history. Most organisms live in everchallenging temporally fluctuating environments.
The classic phenotype which exhibits maternal effects is coiling direction of snail shells. Adaptation to temporally fluctuating environments by the evolution. Ruth ganss 4 vascular biology and stromal targeting, harry perkins institute of medical research, the 5 university of western australia, centre for medical research, nedlands, western australia. Maternal condition can generate resourcerelated maternal effects through differential egg provisioning, and can greatly affect offspring performance. Disease control priorities third edition reproductive. Pdf maternal effects can play an important role in a diversity of ecological and evolutionary. Adaptation to temporally fluctuating environments by the evolution of maternal effects. Pdf the adaptive significance of maternal effects researchgate.
The drug can also temporarily decrease the need for food and. These maternal effects may be detrimental and unavoidable, or they may represent adaptations to increase maternal and offspring fitness. A maternal effect is a situation where the phenotype of an organism is determined not only by. Adaptation to temporally fluctuating environments by the evolution of maternal effects article pdf available in plos biology 142. The effect of maternal adaptation on breastfeeding self. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link. Hence, multivariate maternal effects provide a clear signature of the past selective environment. These physiologic changes are entirely normal, and include behavioral brain, cardiovascular heart and blood vessel, hematologic blood, metabolic, renal kidney, posture, and respiratory breathing changes. Maternal physiological adaptations are crucial for pregnancy success by ensuring that fetal and placental demands are met whilst maintaining maternal homeostasis. Longterm effects of cancer therapy that may alter normal maternal pregnancy adaptations those with the greatest risks of late effects from cancer therapy are women who may have developed longterm cardiovascular or pulmonary damage due to. Jan 17, 2005 maternal effects as phenotypic adaptation to local environments. It is well known that women that experience diabetes during gestation increase the risk of diabetes and obesity on their. The role of maternal effects in adaptation to different diets article pdf available in biological journal of the linnean society 1141 november 2014 with 98 reads how we measure reads. Although maternal metabolism is known to change during gestation to accommodate fetal nutrient demands, little is known about these modifications outside of a western, clinical context.
Some maternal effects can act to increase offspring fitness and are called. Benton2 1school of biological sciences, university of liverpool, biosciences building, crown street. Regular exercise has many positive maternal effects. Moley1 maternal metabolic diseases increase offspring risk for low birth weight and cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. I will use our work on campanula americana, an understory forest herb, as an example of how maternal effects may serve as a source of phenotypic adaptation to local environmental conditions. Effect of interpregnancy interval and maternal morbidity on. A strongly negative maternal effect coefficient m minimizes the variance load, but a strongly positive m minimises the fluctuation load. Accordingly, major physiological adaptations in pregnancy likely involve. Power, phd, jay schulkin, phd department of research, the american college of. Recently, the adaptive significance of maternal effects has been increasingly recognized. Maternal fructose drives placental uric acid production. The fitness costs of adaptation via phenotypic plasticity and maternal.
1015 408 588 1192 37 1166 261 531 1198 1271 1241 621 956 36 774 178 398 1269 165 1428 694 598 478 815 1130 117 860 259 926 1573 407 1339 173 151 1439 675 1306 261 921 1156 130 1291 774 163 125 1344 927